Turkmenistan Travel Guide - Attractions, What to See, Do, Costs, FAQs

Turkmenistan's history is a tapestry woven with the threads of ancient civilizations, nomadic tribes, and Silk Road trade routes. From the Parthian Empire and the rise of Islam to the conquests of Genghis Khan and the legacy of the Silk Road, the region has been shaped by a rich and diverse cultural heritage. Explore the ruins of ancient cities like Merv and Gonur Depe, and uncover the stories of conquerors, traders, and scholars who left their mark on Turkmenistan's past.

Geography of Turkmenistan: Exploring the Land of Contrasts

Situated in Central Asia, Turkmenistan is a land of vast deserts, rugged mountains, and fertile oases. The Karakum Desert dominates the landscape, while the Kopet Dag Mountains form the country's southern border. Discover the unique natural wonders of Turkmenistan, from the flaming gas crater of Darvaza to the emerald oases of the Amu Darya River delta.

Tourist Destinations/Attractions of Turkmenistan: Jewels of the Silk Road

1. Ashgabat: The capital city of Ashgabat is a modern metropolis adorned with marble buildings, golden domes, and futuristic architecture. Explore the city's landmarks, including the Independence Monument, Neutrality Arch, and Turkmenbashi Ruhy Mosque, and immerse yourself in the vibrant culture of Turkmenistan.
2. Merv: Step back in time at the ancient city of Merv, once a major hub along the Silk Road. Explore the archaeological site, including the Erk Kala fortress, Sultan Kala citadel, and Mausoleum of Sultan Sanjar, and marvel at the remains of grand mosques, palaces, and bazaars.
3. Darvaza Gas Crater: Witness the mesmerizing spectacle of the Darvaza Gas Crater, also known as the "Door to Hell." Located in the heart of the Karakum Desert, this flaming crater has been burning for decades, creating an otherworldly landscape that attracts adventurers and photographers from around the world.
4. Konye-Urgench: Discover the ancient ruins of Konye-Urgench, a UNESCO World Heritage site that was once a thriving center of Islamic culture and scholarship. Explore the mausoleums, minarets, and mosques of this historic city, including the Sultan Tekesh Mausoleum and Kutlug Timur Minaret.
5. Yangykala Canyon: Journey to the dramatic landscapes of Yangykala Canyon, where towering cliffs of white, red, and yellow create a stunning contrast against the azure sky. Hike along the canyon rim, camp under the stars, and witness breathtaking sunsets over the desert horizon.

Travel Plan for Turkmenistan Tourists: Itinerary by Days

Day 1-2: Ashgabat

Day 1: Explore the modern city of Ashgabat, visiting landmarks such as the Independence Monument, Turkmenbashi Ruhy Mosque, and National Museum.

Day 2: Take a guided tour of Ashgabat's architectural wonders, including the Neutrality Arch, Turkmenistan Tower, and Presidential Palace.

Day 3-4: Merv & Mary

Day 3: Travel to the ancient city of Merv and explore its archaeological sites, including the Erk Kala fortress, Sultan Kala citadel, and Mausoleum of Sultan Sanjar.

Day 4: Visit the History and Ethnography Museum in Mary, and explore local bazaars and cultural attractions.

Day 5-6: Darvaza Gas Crater

Day 5: Journey into the Karakum Desert to witness the Darvaza Gas Crater, camping overnight near the flaming crater to experience its surreal beauty.

Day 6: Explore the surrounding desert landscape, taking guided hikes or camel rides through the dunes, and learning about nomadic traditions and wildlife.

Day 7-8: Konye-Urgench & Dashoguz

Day 7: Visit the historic sites of Konye-Urgench, including the Sultan Tekesh Mausoleum, Kutlug Timur Minaret, and Turabek Khanum Mausoleum.

Day 8: Travel to Dashoguz and explore local markets, mosques, and museums, including the Memorial Complex of Saparmurat Hajji Mosque.

Day 9-10: Yangykala Canyon & Turkmenbashi

Day 9: Venture to the stunning landscapes of Yangykala Canyon, hiking along the canyon rim and marveling at the colorful rock formations.

Day 10: Return to Ashgabat or Turkmenbashi for your departure, with optional visits to local attractions and cultural experiences.

Best Activities to Do in Turkmenistan: Experiencing Authentic Adventures

1. Camel Trekking: Embark on a camel trek through the desert landscapes of Turkmenistan, following ancient caravan routes and experiencing nomadic traditions firsthand.
2. Nomadic Homestays: Stay with local families in traditional yurts or village homes, learning about their way of life, sharing meals, and participating in cultural activities such as music, dance, and handicrafts.
3. Silk Road Exploration: Trace the footsteps of traders and travelers along the historic Silk Road, visiting ancient cities, caravanserais, and archaeological sites that bear witness to centuries of cultural exchange and commerce.
4. Desert Camping: Camp under the stars in the remote deserts of Turkmenistan, enjoying the tranquility of the desert night, stargazing, and sharing stories around the campfire with fellow travelers.
5. Cultural Festivals: Experience the vibrant culture of Turkmenistan at traditional festivals and celebrations, where you can enjoy music, dance, folklore, and culinary delights from different regions of the country.

Turkmenistan Travel Package Costing: Budgeting for Your Adventure

1. Flights: Prices vary depending on the airline, route, and time of booking. Direct flights to Ashgabat are available from major cities in Europe, Asia, and the Middle East, with connecting flights from other destinations.
2. Visa Fees: Most visitors to Turkmenistan require a visa, which can be obtained through the embassy or consulate or through a tour operator. Visa fees vary depending on the duration of stay and processing time.
3. Accommodation: Options range from budget guesthouses and homestays to luxury hotels and desert camps. Prices vary depending on location, amenities, and seasonality, with discounts available for group bookings and off-peak travel.
4. Transportation: Travel within Turkmenistan is primarily by car or organized tours, with limited public transportation options. Rental cars, private drivers, and domestic flights are available for longer journeys and remote destinations, with prices varying based on distance and mode of transportation.
5. Guided Tours: Guided tours are recommended for exploring Turkmenistan, especially in remote areas and along the Silk Road. Tour packages may include accommodation, transportation, meals, and guided excursions, with prices varying depending on the duration and level of service.

Top 5 Hotels & Resorts to Stay in Turkmenistan: Comfort Amidst Adventure

1. Yyldyz Hotel (Ashgabat): Located in the heart of Ashgabat, Yyldyz Hotel offers luxurious accommodations with panoramic views of the city skyline. Enjoy modern amenities, including spacious rooms, gourmet dining options, and a rooftop pool overlooking the Turkmen capital.
2. Mary Hotel (Mary): Situated near the ancient city of Merv, Mary Hotel offers comfortable accommodations with easy access to archaeological sites and cultural attractions. Relax in well-appointed rooms, dine at the hotel's restaurant, and explore the historic city of Mary.
3. Darvaza Gas Crater Camp: Experience the ultimate adventure with a stay at the Darvaza Gas Crater Camp, located near the flaming crater in the Karakum Desert. Camp under the stars in traditional yurts or tents, enjoy hearty meals cooked over an open fire, and witness the mesmerizing spectacle of the flaming crater.
4. Nohur Lake Resort (Dashoguz): Nestled amidst the picturesque landscapes of Dashoguz, Nohur Lake Resort offers a serene retreat surrounded by mountains and lakes. Stay in cozy cottages, dine at the resort's restaurant, and enjoy outdoor activities such as fishing, hiking, and birdwatching.
5. Yangykala Canyon Camp: Immerse yourself in nature at the Yangykala Canyon Camp, located near the stunning cliffs of Yangykala Canyon. Stay in comfortable tents or yurts, enjoy campfire dinners under the stars, and explore the dramatic landscapes of this natural wonder.

Customer FAQs: Your Questions Answered

Q: Is Turkmenistan safe for tourists?

A: Turkmenistan is generally considered safe for tourists, with low crime rates and a welcoming local population. However, travelers should exercise caution in remote areas and follow local laws and customs, especially in border regions and near military installations.

Q: Do I need a visa to visit Turkmenistan?

A: Most visitors to Turkmenistan require a visa for entry, which can be obtained through the embassy or consulate or through a tour operator. Visa requirements and procedures may vary depending on your nationality and travel plans, so it's essential to check the latest information before your trip.

Q: What is the best time to visit Turkmenistan?

A: The best time to visit Turkmenistan is during the spring (April to June) and autumn (September to November) months when the weather is mild and comfortable for outdoor activities and sightseeing. Summers can be hot, especially in the desert regions, while winters can be cold, with temperatures dropping below freezing in some areas.

Q: What currency is used in Turkmenistan?

A: The official currency of Turkmenistan is the Turkmen manat (TMT). Credit cards are not widely accepted outside major cities, so it's advisable to carry cash for purchases and transactions, especially in rural areas and local markets.

Q: What should I wear in Turkmenistan?

A: Turkmenistan is a conservative country with traditional Islamic values, so it's essential to dress modestly, especially when visiting religious sites and rural areas. Loose-fitting clothing that covers the arms and legs is recommended, particularly for women, to respect local customs and traditions.

Embark on an extraordinary journey to Turkmenistan, where ancient civilizations, natural wonders, and warm hospitality await. Whether you're exploring the historic cities of Merv and Ashgabat, camping under the stars near the Darvaza Gas Crater, or immersing yourself in the stunning landscapes of Yangykala Canyon, Turkmenistan promises an unforgettable travel experience.